Obesity as Predictive Factor of Periodontal Therapy Clinical Outcomes: A Cohort Study

Jean Suvan , Zoe Harrington, Aviva Petrie , Kalpesh Patel, Ulpee Darbar, Nikos Donos, Francesco D'Aiuto
J Clin Periodontol . 2020 May;47(5):594-601. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13261

Abstract

Aim: The study aim was to investigate the predictive role of obesity on clinical response following non-surgical periodontal therapy in individuals with severe periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 57 BMI obese and 58 BMI normal non-smoker adults with periodontitis (defined as probing pocket depths (PPD) of ≥5 mm and alveolar bone loss of >30% with >50% of the teeth affected) received non-surgical periodontal therapy. Periodontal status was based upon PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL) and full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS). Mean PPD, percentage sites PPD >4 mm, percentage sites PPD >5 mm and FMBS at 2 and 6 months were outcome variables. Propensity score analysis was used to assess the effect of obesity on outcome variables after adjusting for confounders.

Results: Statistically significant higher clinical measures (mean PPD, mean percentage of sites with PPD >4 mm, mean percentage of sites with PPD >5 mm and FMBS) were observed in the obese group than the normal group at baseline, 2 and 6 months after therapy (p < .01). At 2 and 6 months, obesity was associated with worse mean PPD (p < .05), percentage sites with PPD >4 mm (p < .05), percentage sites with PPD > 5mm (p < .05) and FMBS (p < .01), independent of age, gender, ethnicity or plaque levels.

Conclusions: Obesity compared to normal BMI status was an independent predictor of poorer response following non-surgical periodontal therapy.

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A cura del dr. Nicola. Discepoli Pietrasanta (LU)

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